Jaldi-Vidhi

Court Design Handbook

Guidance for planning and designing accessible, safe and user-centred courts in India.

1

Court Design Handbook for District Courts in India

Court Design Handbook for District Courts in India

The Design Handbook seeks to envision and implement a user-centric District Court Complex responsive to the needs of all diverse users, i.e., litigants, judges, lawyers, Court staff, witnesses, accused persons, police, public visitors and other stakeholders in the justice system. A principles-based framework is used to highlight associated guidelines and design considerations, for creating truly inclusive, accessible, efficient, comfortable, adaptable, and sustainable Courts where the experience of seeking and providing justice is significantly improved.

Have Any Suggestions
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw06cS4rU9am-ajQSbIe2bDgikjYlDFSGVK8hPGVGfeZF6Xw/viewform?usp=sf_link
Projects Authors And Acknowledgements
Shreya Tripathy is a Senior Resident Fellow at Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy working as part of the Justice, Access, and Lowering Delays in India (JALDI) Initiative. Priyamvadha Shivaji is a Research Fellow at Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy working as part of the Justice, Access, and Lowering Delays in India (JALDI) Initiative. Brinda Sastry is an architect, urban designer, and planner with experience in formulating policies, audit frameworks, and design guidelines, with a participatory approach, to ensure inclusive and equitable design of public places. Shreya Shetty is an architect and urban design consultant, Co-Founder of 369 Ochre Studio who assisted in drafting the Harmonised Guidelines & Standards for Universal Accessibility in India 2021, drafted by the National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA) & Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee released by Central Public Works Department, Government of India under Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. Bhagyalaxmi Madapur , Co-Founder of 369 Ochre Studio in Bengaluru, India, is an architect and urbanist who worked as a contract consultant with the Asian Development Bank (ADB) on the project "Sponge City: Towards Building Flood Resilient Kolkata," which involved creating educational materials-infographic handbooks, videos, and brochures aimed at strengthening the capacity of Kolkata Municipal Corporation for resilient urban services. Abubakar Shaikh is an architect and Art Lead at Autovrse. Gayatri Ganesh is an architect and Experience Designer at Autovrse. Milind D.P. is the Executive Vice President, Consultancy & Projects, BNA Technology Consulting Ltd. His division is focused on IT Infrastructure Design, Project Management and Monitoring of ICT Projects. Arun Kumar is an acoustic consultant at HMPL Consulting Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, with over 8 years of expertise in Architectural, Environmental, and Industrial Acoustics, dedicated to shaping sound environments for optimal experiences. Akshatha Hariharan is an architect exploring the realms of Visual & User experience design. Rama Raghavan is an Architectural writer and researcher based in Pune. As a pedagogue, she has curated courses in Accessibility and Universal Design. She has worked on several publications that intricately connect the built environment with socio-spatial dimensions. This report has been in the making for over two years and owes a great deal to the inputs provided by a multitude of people. The authors would like to thank the following: Deepika Kinhal (Team Lead, JALDI) for her guidance throughout the project and for reviewing the report. The authors are also grateful to Reshma Sekhar (Former Senior Resident Fellow, JALDI) for her contribution to the conceptualisation of the Handbook. Dr. Gaurav Raheja (Professor of Architecture, IIT Roorkee) and Dr. Rahela Korakhiwala (Author, From the Colonial to the Contemporary: Images, Iconography, Memories, and Performances of Law in India's High Courts) for their guidance in the conceptualisation stage. Justice Badar Durrez Ahmad (Former Chief Justice, Jammu & Kashmir High Court), Justice Ponugoti Naveen Rao (Former Acting Chief Justice, Telangana High Court) and Mr. Suresh Kogilgere (Former Registrar, Karnataka High Court) for their inputs for the project. Dr. Tanya Machado (Professor of Clinical Psychology (Rtd). Consultant Clinical Psychologist) and Dr. Ria Fernandez (Rehabilitation Specialist, Mazumdar Shaw Hospital) for their inputs on child-friendly design and providing trauma-informed design considerations for vulnerable witnesses. Akhilesh (Project Second Chance) for his inputs on safe, secure, and humane design considerations for accused persons. Nilesh Singit (independent accessibility expert) and Dr. Sanjay Jain (Professor at National Law School of India University, Bengaluru), members of the Supreme Court Committee on Accessibility, for their inputs on ensuring universal accessibility. Alok Prasanna Kumar (Co-founder and Team Lead, Vidhi Karnataka), and Vidhi Fellows Manmayi Sharma (Senior Resident Fellow, Disability Inclusion & Access), Yashaswini Basu (Outreach Lead, Nyaaya), Yogini Oke (Impact and Partnerships Fellow), Shireen Yachu (Communications Fellow, Impact Collective) and Somya Jain (Research Fellow, Disability Inclusion & Access) for their inputs on the project. Damini Ghosh (Team Lead, Disability, Inclusion & Access at Vidhi) and Prof. Sanjay Kanvinde (Senior Partner, Kanvinde Rai & Chowdhury) for peer-reviewing the Handbook and providing their invaluable feedback. Over the months of February and March 2024, four round-table consultations were held with experts from various fields, on the following themes covered in the Handbook: Institutional capacity building; Making District Courts safe, secure and comfortable; Incorporating Universal Design Principles; and Facilitating efficient and future-ready Court Complexes. The authors would like to thank the following participants for their inputs during the sessions: Justice (retd.) Ponugoti Naveen Rao (former acting Chief Justice at Telangana High Court), Prof. Jyoti Dogra (Professor at Indian Law Institute), Dr. Sheila Ramaswamy (Technical & Operational Lead at NIMHANS), Ms. Arushi Anthwal (Legal Counsel at Counsel to Secure Justice), Ms. Kushi Kushalappa (Director, Support & Rehabilitation at Enfold India), Ms. Shirisha Reddy (Program Manager at Nyaaya Kannada), Mr. Amar Jain (co-founder at Mission Accessibility), Ms. Anita Iyer Narayan (Managing Trustee, sponsor and volunteer at Ekansh Trust), Prof. Gaurav Raheja (Professor Incharge, Inclusion & Accessibility Services at IIT Roorkee), Ms. Nivedita Krishna (founder-director at PACTA), Ms. Pooja Sastry (PhD candidate in architectural history at University College, Dublin), Ms. Shruti Dixit (practising lawyer in Lucknow), Mr. Akshay Jain (Assistant Program Manager at National Centre for Promotion of Employment for Disabled People), Mr. Rahul Bajaj (co-founder at Mission Accessibility) and Mr. R. Sri Kumar (former Head of Police Force in Karnataka and former Chief Vigilance Commissioner). The Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy is an independent think-tank doing legal research to make better laws and improve governance for the public good. The JALDI Initiative is a multi-year initiative that aims to advocate for and implement evidence-based reforms to eliminate the existing backlog in Courts and ensure that cases are disposed within reasonable timelines. This report is under the aegis of JALDI Innovation Lab, a multi-disciplinary collaborative of experts to design solutions for the justice delivery systems in India. Errors, if any, rest with the authors. Contact us at jaldi@vidhilegalpolicy.in
Sub Project Title
Design Guide for User-Centric Court Complexes

design

law

Content image 1
Jaldi Lab Aspect Title
Design

Design

Design-thinking and architecture to transform how accessing justice looks and feels

Content image 1
Jaldi Lab Aspect Title
Law

Law

Rules and policies to guide implementation of reforms in a fair, just and transparent manner.

Project Videos

Introduction to the series

Introduction to the series

Introduction to the series

How can we improve e-Filing in courts?

How can we improve e-Filing in courts?

How can we improve e-Filing in courts?

black

GT Super Text

nearest

smooth

Harmonised Guidelines 2021, p. 342, Section 6.5.

Objectives

Plan for amenities that will

address the needs of diverse users

and provide a comfortable and efficient environment for all user groups;

Ensure that

medical rooms are well-equipped with the necessary infrastructure and medical equipment

to handle emergencies, basic healthcare needs, and provide a suitable environment for medical examinations;

prompt and immediate medical assistance

is provided to individuals who may require

emergency care or first aid

within the Court Complex;

Establish partnerships with local healthcare providers or nearby hospitals

to ensure that individuals in need of medical attention can be quickly transported to a medical facility;

In instances where the Court Complex may not have a hospital in the close proximity,

provide dedicated medical service with trained personnel

to ensure efficient healthcare service.

Adjacencies

A designated parking area for the ambulance attached with the Medical Centre must be provided in close proximity to the Centre. For further details on parking, please refer to

Section 1.3.

A direct accessible path must be provided to ensure that patients on stretches may be taken directly to the ambulance on short notice.

The Medical Centre must have direct access to or be in close proximity to sanitary provisions such as an accessible washroom Complex, drinking water, etc.

Design Considerations

The medical services provided at the Medical Centre must be accessible to diverse user groups.

The Centre must be well-ventilated and must have adequate natural light.

The Centre must include provisions for a lobby area, rooms for doctors, a nurses’ station, and an examination room.

Lobby Area

The Medical Centre must have its own lobby area with a reception counter.

The lobby area must be equipped with adequate ergonomic seating for people waiting their turn to visit the facilities.

It must also have a play area for children. For details of the design of a play area, please refer to

Section 3.3.C

The reception at the lobby area must have information flyers/personnel informing the visitors regarding the facilities being provided at the centre.

A Public Address (“PA”) system must be provided in case of emergencies like fires, natural disasters, etc., to assist in evacuations, supported by uninterrupted power supply.

Medical Rooms

An adequate number of medical rooms must be provided, depending on the number of visitors to the Court Complex.

The medical rooms must have adequate space for medical equipment to be accommodated, including stocks of emergency medications, equipment for Echocardiograms (“ECGs”), non-invasive blood pressure, pulse oximetry for oxygen saturation, and monitors for checking basic vital signs.

Automated External Defibrillators (“AED”) must be provided in the medical rooms, with medical staff being trained to use them.

The medical room must be equipped with an adequate number of beds with screening curtains, to ensure privacy of the persons using the services.

Adequate storage facilities must be provided for portable medical equipment.

The medical room must be provided with a sink and tap with thermostatic mixing valves.

Facilities for segregating medical waste including specific bins to clear sharp objects must be provided.

Image 89: Example of an Automated External Defibrillator (“AED”)

Image Credit

369 Ochre Studio

Space for Doctor-on-call & Staff

Adequate office space must be provided for the doctors deputed to the centre, as well as nursing staff.

The office must be equipped with desks with integrated power and data, ergonomic chairs, and storage facilities for medical files as well as personal belongings of the personnel. For further details of workspaces, please refer to

Section 2.5.B

and

2.5.C.

Emergency Transportation

A parking area for the ambulance must be designated which is attached to the medical centre, clear of any obstruction. For further details regarding parking, refer to

Section 1.3

An accessible ambulance must be made available 24/7 within the Court Complex.

The ambulance must be equipped with medical equipment and trained medical staff.

PART C - THE HANDBOOK

COMMON AMENITIES

3.4.

Medical Services

The Court Complex must provide healthcare facilities and first aid services, to ensure that any medical emergencies or health-related issues which may arise at the Court Complex are addressed.

In the case of any emergency, the medical staff deputed at the Court Complex must be equipped to initiate emergency response procedures. This may involve local emergency services, such as paramedics or an ambulance, to provide immediate medical assistance.

Image 90: Example of designated parking for ambulances

References

Lato

justified

1px solid lightGray

lato

& .

Source:

item-

subItem-

nestedItem-

square

1px solid red

Image Credit:

red